資料紹介
Animal Farmがどう歴史上の事実を反映しているかを問う。
英語。
All rights reserved.
資料の原本内容
Shizuka Tanaka
13/12/09
IES A (2) Mr. Moraga
E2D5
'Oh, The Chaos By Dictators'
Joseph Stalin, who is a dictator in the Russian Revolution, kills a rival Trotsky and uses propaganda well to make people believe he is the greatest leader. Compared with Stalin, Napoleon, a pig who is the leader of Animal Farm, takes products from animals, kills a rival cruelly, and uses a messenger. In Animal Farm, Napoleon could raise more power by doing three things, controlling animals well, getting dictatorship dramatically and getting an environment for it.
Napoleon can get animals controlled well because the pigs are by far smarter than any other animal. Therefore, the pigs have a chance to choose to control animals. Snowball, a pig, chooses not to control them, but Napoleon does. For the first example, Napoleon makes Squealer, a pig who is the main character, say 'we pigs are brainworkers. We drink that milk and eat apples' (Orwell, P.35) Milk and apples should be shared with all animals because they are precious products. Napoleon takes them from the other animals while the other animals do not notice it is unfair and think it is done for them. For the second example, Napoleon punishes and kills some animals such as hens, other pigs, and sheep who confess their secrets or get against him..
The three hens who had been the ringleaders in the attempted rebellion over the eggs now came forward and stated that Snowball had appeared to
them in a dream and incited them to disobey Napoleon's orders. They, too,
were slaughtered. (Orwell, p.84)
the tale of confessions and executions went on, until there was a pile of corpses lying before Napoleon's feet and the air was heavy with the smell of blood, which had been unknown there since the expulsion of Jones. (Orwell, p. 84)
Even if there is a commandment that they must not kill any animals, he kills some of them mercilessly. It was actually occurred in the Russian Revolution. The massive liquidation by Stalin, loads of politicians who are against him and confesses they are Trotsky (his rival)'s side are killed thoroughly. Like Stalin does, by killing many animals, he showed his enormous authority and threatened almost all animals. Those things make him control animals easily.
Besides controlling animals, what Napoleon did for power is getting dictatorship dramatically. For the first example, Napoleon never hesitates to kill rivals. In Animal Farm, Snowball was a rival who can bother him and administer the farm, so he murders Snowball by utilizing his dogs. By losing a powerful rival, Napoleon can be an only leader of the farm with no enemy. For the second example, he changes the Seven Commandments.
Clover had not remembered that the Fourth Commandment mentioned sheets; but as it was there on the wall, it must have done so. And Squealer, who happened to be passing at this moment, attended by two or three dogs, was able to put the whole matter in its proper perspective. "You have heard then, comrades," he said, "that we pigs now sleep in the beds of the farmhouse? And why not? You did not suppose, surely, that there was ever a ruling against beds? A bed merely means a place to sleep in. A pile of straw in a stall is a bed properly regarded. The rule was against sheets, which are a human invention. (Orwell, p.67)
Without any permission, he changes the rules enormously. Even if an animal wonders if it is a right commandment, he persists in his desires to the last. Furthermore, the other animals do not know the circumstance well, have nothing to do with it and have to obey him automatically. That is how he is getting a dictatorship dramatically.
In addition to getting dictatorship dramatically, Napoleon makes an environment for dictatorship. As he increases his authority more and more, the worship for him gets to increase more. For the first example, Almost all animals begin to believe him and say 'Napoleon is always right' (P.56) especially Boxer. That is all because he makes Squealer convince them to w...
